T, U, V, W, Z. ( talde - zigzig)

Talde: a bad or group of horizontal mouldings.

Talin: a moulding formed of two arcs of a circle.

Tempered: a term used to denote the mixing of plastic material. Well-tempered stuff means that the materials are thoroughly incorporated and in a plastic state by being properly mixed and worked.

Template: used to form angles and other similar features/details in plaster or render finishes.

Thermal conductivity: the ease with which a material conducts heat.

Throat-drip: a sunken member to a horizontal section preventing the spread of water.

Throwing (throwing a render): quite literally throwing the coarse stuff at the wall, usually by flicking it from the edge of a trowel, but in some cultures by throwing balls of stuff straight from the hand. The impact helps adhesion, but tends to alter the balance of the mix, leaving it leaner in parts and richer in others.

Tooth ornament: a serrated decoration found in hollow mouldings.

Torso: in sculpture, is a body without arms or legs.

Torus: a moulding of semicircular form and used in the bases of columns.

Tracery: Gothic ornament in panels, etc. consisting of curved flowing lines or straight mouldings intersecting each other.

Trefoil: ornament based on the clover leaf.

Trellis Moulding: intertwined zigzag lines forming diamonds.

Triglyph: an ornament in a Doric frieze, consisting of a projection with the two vertical edges chamfered and with two vertical grooves.

Trilobe: ornament having three lobes.

Trowelling up: hardening up a plaster surface by alternately sprinkling it with water and working it with the trowel.

Tudor Arch: a flat arch.

Tudor Flower: an upright leaf used in cresting on the tops of cornices.

Turning: as in wood turning, the formation of plaster features by turning on a spindle.
Tympanum: the space enclosed between the lintel of a doorway and the relieving anchor or between the horizontal and sloping cornices of a classical pediment.

Undercut: a section that cannot draw due to the overhang of the ornament.

Vermiculated: a plastered surface ornamented with irregular channels.

Vesica Piscis: the pointed oval forming the auriole or glory round representations of the Deity and the Virgin.

Vitruvian Scroll: a long series of scrolls joined together.

Volute: the scrolls at the angle under the abacus of capitals. In plasterersí terms they are called ëhornsí.

Voussoirs: the stones that form an arch.

Vrils: thin, elongated volutes, as in the tendrils of vines.

Wads: canvas dipped in plaster and laid flat over the back of casts, also when joining casts together.

Water limes, water building limes: John Smeatonís term to describe hydraulic limes. Limes which were suitable for building work in water, such as canal locks or harbours or lighthouses.

Water retention: as lime putty matures it draws water into its body, far beyond what is needed for its hydration. This lubricates the mortars made from it, making them plastic (easily mouldable) and hence comfortable to use. When a mortar is applied to a porous masonry unit, the masonry tries to suck the water away from the mortar. To some extent this is helpful as it forms the bond between unit and mortar. With poor quality mortars, the suction reduces the plasticity of the mortar, making it harder to work. Water retentivity is the measure of the ability of a putty (or mortar) to retain the water it holds against the sution of the backing.

Wave Moulding: a succession of wavy lines.

Wax: 50 per cent beesí wax and 50 per cent rosin, used as a moulding compound.

Weathering: a splayed surface designed to allow water to drain/run off.

Weathering qualities: the durability of a material against the destructive actions of the weather and atmosphere. These actions include cycles of heating and cooling, frosts, wind abrasion and airborne chemicals.

Weather Moulding: a drop stone or outwardly sloping moulding.

White Portland cement: a white coloured Portland cement which is made from clays containing no iron. Where cement must be used in the conservation of old buildings it is sometimes selected because it contains fewer soluble salts than OPC.

Workability: the ease with which a mortar may be used. This important property is not easily defined, but it includes high plasticity and good water retention. A highly plastic binder, say a good lime putty, can allow the use of much sharper sands than are possible with, say, a cement binder. These sharp sands contribute to the long-term durability.

Wreathed: a moulding formed of two twisted members as entwined ribbons. A wreathed column twisted or contorted.

Zigzag: a succession of diagonal lines placed alternately in sequence.
 
 

Index